EERAdata Wiki - User contributions [en]

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T09:28:02Z

Lucynac: /* List of participants */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]].

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially on the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented - by moderator - Mariusz Kruczek from GIG:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database,
# checking the databases proposed already, adding new, if needed,
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works.

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4,
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE.

From both categories, the most suitable databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion:
# COMETS,
# EUR-Lex,
# IEA Policy database,
# JRC.

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects.

=== List of participants ===
Davide De Chiara,
Maria Bałazińska,
Michael Barber,
Lucyna Cichy,
Mariusz Kruczek,
Veronica Lupi,
Małgorzata Markowska,
Valeria Jana Schwanitz,
Alessandro Sciullo,
August Wierling,
Jan Zeiss

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/].

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database.
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases).
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback.

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages.
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents.
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy.
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures.
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples).

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate.
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related.
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* The worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC4#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* Preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* Difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* Testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* If metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* Information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Denmark.
* Based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* Energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000.
* Within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database.
* As it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* From COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* Discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* In Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* Two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* Importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* Every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* Two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level etc.).

==== Directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxonomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is consistent throughout the project.

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# Starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# Taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment.
# Coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level etc.).

* For more - see the notes above.

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy:
# Starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# Taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment.
# Coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# Methodology aspects - COMETS,
# Extending existing metadata - JP Wind,
# Providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database.

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T09:26:40Z

Lucynac: /* List of participants */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]].

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially on the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented - by moderator - Mariusz Kruczek from GIG:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database,
# checking the databases proposed already, adding new, if needed,
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works.

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4,
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE.

From both categories, the most suitable databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion:
# COMETS,
# EUR-Lex,
# IEA Policy database,
# JRC.

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects.

=== List of participants ===
Davide De Chiara,
Maria Bałazińska,
Michael Barber,
Lucyna Cichy,
Mariusz Kruczek,
Veronica Lupi,
Małgorzata Markowska,
Valeria Jana Schwanitz,
Alessandro Sciullo,
August Wierling,
Jan Zeiss,

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/].

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database.
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases).
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback.

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages.
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents.
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy.
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures.
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples).

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate.
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related.
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* The worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC4#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* Preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* Difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* Testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* If metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* Information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Denmark.
* Based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* Energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000.
* Within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database.
* As it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* From COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* Discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* In Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* Two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* Importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* Every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* Two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level etc.).

==== Directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxonomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is consistent throughout the project.

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# Starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# Taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment.
# Coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level etc.).

* For more - see the notes above.

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy:
# Starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# Taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment.
# Coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# Methodology aspects - COMETS,
# Extending existing metadata - JP Wind,
# Providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database.

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T09:25:33Z

Lucynac: /* List of participants */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]].

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially on the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented - by moderator - Mariusz Kruczek from GIG:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database,
# checking the databases proposed already, adding new, if needed,
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works.

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4,
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE.

From both categories, the most suitable databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion:
# COMETS,
# EUR-Lex,
# IEA Policy database,
# JRC.

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects.

=== List of participants ===
Davide De Chiara,
Maria Bałazińska,
Michael Barber,
Lucyna Cichy,
Mariusz Kruczek,
Veronica Lupi,
Małgorzata Markowska,
Valeria Jana Schwanitz,
Alessandro Sciullo,
Jan Zeiss,

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/].

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database.
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases).
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback.

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages.
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents.
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy.
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures.
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples).

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate.
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related.
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* The worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC4#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* Preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* Difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* Testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* If metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* Information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Denmark.
* Based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* Energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000.
* Within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database.
* As it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* From COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* Discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* In Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* Two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* Importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* Every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* Two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level etc.).

==== Directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxonomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is consistent throughout the project.

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# Starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# Taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment.
# Coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level etc.).

* For more - see the notes above.

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy:
# Starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# Taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment.
# Coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# Methodology aspects - COMETS,
# Extending existing metadata - JP Wind,
# Providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database.

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T08:00:51Z

Lucynac: /* Directions in building taxonomy */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]].

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database,
# checking the databases proposed already, adding new, if needed,
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works.

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4,
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE.

From both categories, the most suitable databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion:
# COMETS,
# EUR-Lex,
# IEA Policy database,
# JRC.

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects.

=== List of participants ===

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/].

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database.
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases).
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback.

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages.
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents.
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy.
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures.
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples).

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate.
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related.
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* The worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* Preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* Difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* Testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* If metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* Information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Denmark.
* Based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* Energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000.
* Within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database.
* As it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* From COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* Discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* In Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* Two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* Importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* Every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* Two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level etc.).

==== Directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxonomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is consistent throughout the project.

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# Starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# Taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment.
# Coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level etc.).

* For more - see the notes above.

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy:
# Starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# Taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment.
# Coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# Methodology aspects - COMETS,
# Extending existing metadata - JP Wind,
# Providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database.

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T06:58:25Z

Lucynac: /* Suggested next steps */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]].

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database,
# checking the databases proposed already, adding new, if needed,
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works.

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4,
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE.

From both categories, the most suitable databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion:
# COMETS,
# EUR-Lex,
# IEA Policy database,
# JRC.

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects.

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/].

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database.
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases).
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback.

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages.
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents.
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy.
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures.
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples).

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate.
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related.
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* The worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* Preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* Difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* Testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* If metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* Information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Denmark.
* Based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* Energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000.
* Within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database.
* As it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* From COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* Discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* In Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* Two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* Importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* Every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* Two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level etc.).

==== Directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxonomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# Starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# Taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment.
# Coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level etc.).

* For more - see the notes above.

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy:
# Starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# Taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment.
# Coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# Methodology aspects - COMETS,
# Extending existing metadata - JP Wind,
# Providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database.

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T06:57:57Z

Lucynac: /* Suggested next steps */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]].

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database,
# checking the databases proposed already, adding new, if needed,
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works.

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4,
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE.

From both categories, the most suitable databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion:
# COMETS,
# EUR-Lex,
# IEA Policy database,
# JRC.

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects.

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/].

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database.
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases).
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback.

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages.
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents.
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy.
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures.
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples).

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate.
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related.
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* The worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* Preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* Difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* Testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* If metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* Information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Denmark.
* Based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* Energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000.
* Within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database.
* As it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* From COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* Discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* In Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* Two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* Importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* Every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* Two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level etc.).

==== Directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxonomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# Starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# Taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment.
# Coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level etc.).

* For more - see the notes above.

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy:
# Starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# Taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# Coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# Methodology aspects - COMETS,
# Extending existing metadata - JP Wind,
# Providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database.

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T06:55:45Z

Lucynac: /* Main insights from discussions */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]].

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database,
# checking the databases proposed already, adding new, if needed,
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works.

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4,
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE.

From both categories, the most suitable databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion:
# COMETS,
# EUR-Lex,
# IEA Policy database,
# JRC.

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects.

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/].

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database.
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases).
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback.

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages.
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents.
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy.
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures.
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples).

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate.
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related.
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* The worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* Preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* Difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* Testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* If metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* Information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Denmark.
* Based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* Energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000.
* Within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database.
* As it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* From COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* Discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* In Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* Two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* Importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* Every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* Two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level etc.).

==== Directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxonomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# Starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# Taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment.
# Coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level etc.).

* For more - see the notes above.

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# methodology aspects - COMETS
# extending existing metadata - JP Wind
# providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T06:54:35Z

Lucynac: /* Directions in building taxonomy */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]].

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database,
# checking the databases proposed already, adding new, if needed,
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works.

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4,
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE.

From both categories, the most suitable databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion:
# COMETS,
# EUR-Lex,
# IEA Policy database,
# JRC.

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects.

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/].

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database.
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases).
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback.

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages.
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents.
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy.
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures.
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples).

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate.
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related.
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* The worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* Preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* Difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* Testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* If metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* Information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Denmark.
* Based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* Energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000.
* Within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database.
* As it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* From COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* Discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* In Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* Two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* Importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* Every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* Two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level etc.).

==== Directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxonomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# Starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# Taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment.
# Coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

* for more - see the notes above

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# methodology aspects - COMETS
# extending existing metadata - JP Wind
# providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T06:53:19Z

Lucynac: /* Directions in building taxonomy */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]].

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database,
# checking the databases proposed already, adding new, if needed,
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works.

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4,
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE.

From both categories, the most suitable databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion:
# COMETS,
# EUR-Lex,
# IEA Policy database,
# JRC.

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects.

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/].

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database.
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases).
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback.

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages.
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents.
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy.
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures.
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples).

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate.
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related.
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* The worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* Preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* Difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* Testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* If metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* Information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Denmark.
* Based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* Energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000.
* Within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database.
* As it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* From COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* Discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* In Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* Two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* Importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* Every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* Two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level etc.).

==== Directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxonomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# Starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# Taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment.
# Coordinationg with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

* for more - see the notes above

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# methodology aspects - COMETS
# extending existing metadata - JP Wind
# providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T06:52:59Z

Lucynac: /* Directions in building taxonomy */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]].

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database,
# checking the databases proposed already, adding new, if needed,
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works.

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4,
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE.

From both categories, the most suitable databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion:
# COMETS,
# EUR-Lex,
# IEA Policy database,
# JRC.

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects.

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/].

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database.
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases).
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback.

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages.
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents.
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy.
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures.
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples).

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate.
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related.
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* The worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* Preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* Difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* Testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* If metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* Information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Denmark.
* Based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* Energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000.
* Within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database.
* As it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* From COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* Discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* In Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* Two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* Importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* Every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* Two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level etc.).

==== Directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxonomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# Starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# Taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment.
# Coordinationg with other use cses: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

* for more - see the notes above

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# methodology aspects - COMETS
# extending existing metadata - JP Wind
# providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T06:49:18Z

Lucynac: /* Directions in building taxonomy */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]].

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database,
# checking the databases proposed already, adding new, if needed,
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works.

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4,
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE.

From both categories, the most suitable databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion:
# COMETS,
# EUR-Lex,
# IEA Policy database,
# JRC.

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects.

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/].

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database.
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases).
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback.

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages.
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents.
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy.
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures.
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples).

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate.
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related.
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* The worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* Preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* Difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* Testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* If metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* Information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Denmark.
* Based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* Energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000.
* Within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database.
* As it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* From COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* Discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* In Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* Two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* Importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* Every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* Two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level etc.).

==== Directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxonomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# Starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# Taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of govermen.t
# Coordinationg with other use cses: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

* for more - see the notes above

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# methodology aspects - COMETS
# extending existing metadata - JP Wind
# providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T06:47:24Z

Lucynac: /* Directions in building taxonomy */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]].

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database,
# checking the databases proposed already, adding new, if needed,
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works.

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4,
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE.

From both categories, the most suitable databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion:
# COMETS,
# EUR-Lex,
# IEA Policy database,
# JRC.

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects.

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/].

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database.
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases).
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback.

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages.
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents.
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy.
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures.
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples).

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate.
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related.
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* The worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* Preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* Difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* Testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* If metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* Information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Denmark.
* Based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* Energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000.
* Within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database.
* As it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* From COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* Discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* In Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* Two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* Importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* Every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* Two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level etc.).

==== Directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxonomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinationg with other use cses: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

* for more - see the notes above

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# methodology aspects - COMETS
# extending existing metadata - JP Wind
# providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T06:46:52Z

Lucynac: /* directions in building taxonomy */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]].

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database,
# checking the databases proposed already, adding new, if needed,
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works.

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4,
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE.

From both categories, the most suitable databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion:
# COMETS,
# EUR-Lex,
# IEA Policy database,
# JRC.

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects.

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/].

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database.
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases).
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback.

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages.
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents.
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy.
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures.
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples).

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate.
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related.
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* The worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* Preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* Difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* Testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* If metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* Information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Denmark.
* Based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* Energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000.
* Within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database.
* As it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* From COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* Discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* In Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* Two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* Importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* Every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* Two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level etc.).

==== Directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxomnomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinationg with other use cses: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

* for more - see the notes above

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# methodology aspects - COMETS
# extending existing metadata - JP Wind
# providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T06:46:03Z

Lucynac: /* General conclusions */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]].

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database,
# checking the databases proposed already, adding new, if needed,
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works.

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4,
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE.

From both categories, the most suitable databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion:
# COMETS,
# EUR-Lex,
# IEA Policy database,
# JRC.

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects.

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/].

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database.
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases).
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback.

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages.
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents.
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy.
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures.
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples).

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate.
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related.
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* The worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* Preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* Difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* Testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* If metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* Information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Denmark.
* Based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* Energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000.
* Within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database.
* As it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* From COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* Discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* In Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* Two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* Importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* Every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* Two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level etc.).

==== directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxomnomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinationg with other use cses: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

* for more - see the notes above

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# methodology aspects - COMETS
# extending existing metadata - JP Wind
# providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T06:45:38Z

Lucynac: /* General conclusions */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]].

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database,
# checking the databases proposed already, adding new, if needed,
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works.

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4,
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE.

From both categories, the most suitable databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion:
# COMETS,
# EUR-Lex,
# IEA Policy database,
# JRC.

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects.

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/].

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database.
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases).
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback.

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages.
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents.
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy.
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures.
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples).

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate.
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related.
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* The worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* Preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* Difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* Testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* If metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* Information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Denmark.
* Based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* Energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000.
* Within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database.
* As it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* From COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* Discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* In Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* Two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* Importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* Every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* Two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy),
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level etc.).

==== directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxomnomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinationg with other use cses: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

* for more - see the notes above

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# methodology aspects - COMETS
# extending existing metadata - JP Wind
# providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T06:44:18Z

Lucynac: /* COMETS */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]].

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database,
# checking the databases proposed already, adding new, if needed,
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works.

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4,
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE.

From both categories, the most suitable databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion:
# COMETS,
# EUR-Lex,
# IEA Policy database,
# JRC.

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects.

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/].

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database.
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases).
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback.

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages.
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents.
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy.
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures.
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples).

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate.
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related.
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* The worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* Preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* Difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* Testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* If metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* Information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Denmark.
* Based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* Energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000.
* Within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database.
* As it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* From COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* in Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

==== directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxomnomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinationg with other use cses: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

* for more - see the notes above

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# methodology aspects - COMETS
# extending existing metadata - JP Wind
# providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T06:44:06Z

Lucynac: /* COMETS */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]].

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database,
# checking the databases proposed already, adding new, if needed,
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works.

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4,
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE.

From both categories, the most suitable databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion:
# COMETS,
# EUR-Lex,
# IEA Policy database,
# JRC.

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects.

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/].

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database.
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases).
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback.

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages.
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents.
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy.
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures.
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples).

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate.
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related.
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* The worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* Preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* Difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* Testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* If metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* Information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Denmark,
* Based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* Energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000.
* Within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database.
* As it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* From COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* in Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

==== directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxomnomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinationg with other use cses: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

* for more - see the notes above

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# methodology aspects - COMETS
# extending existing metadata - JP Wind
# providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T06:43:19Z

Lucynac: /* COMETS */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]].

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database,
# checking the databases proposed already, adding new, if needed,
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works.

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4,
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE.

From both categories, the most suitable databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion:
# COMETS,
# EUR-Lex,
# IEA Policy database,
# JRC.

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects.

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/].

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database.
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases).
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback.

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages.
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents.
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy.
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures.
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples).

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate.
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related.
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* The worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* Preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* Difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* Testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* If metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* Information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Danmark,
* Based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* Energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000.
* Within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database/.
* As it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* From COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* in Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

==== directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxomnomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinationg with other use cses: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

* for more - see the notes above

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# methodology aspects - COMETS
# extending existing metadata - JP Wind
# providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T06:41:19Z

Lucynac: /* IEA Policy database */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]].

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database,
# checking the databases proposed already, adding new, if needed,
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works.

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4,
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE.

From both categories, the most suitable databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion:
# COMETS,
# EUR-Lex,
# IEA Policy database,
# JRC.

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects.

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/].

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database.
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases).
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback.

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages.
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents.
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy.
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures.
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples).

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate.
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related.
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* The worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* Preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* Difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* Testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* If metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Danmark,
* based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000
* within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database/.
* as it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* from COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* in Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

==== directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxomnomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinationg with other use cses: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

* for more - see the notes above

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# methodology aspects - COMETS
# extending existing metadata - JP Wind
# providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T06:40:35Z

Lucynac: /* DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]].

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database,
# checking the databases proposed already, adding new, if needed,
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works.

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4,
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE.

From both categories, the most suitable databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion:
# COMETS,
# EUR-Lex,
# IEA Policy database,
# JRC.

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects.

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/].

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database.
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases).
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback.

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages.
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents.
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy.
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures.
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples).

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate.
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related.
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* The worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* if metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Danmark,
* based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000
* within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database/.
* as it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* from COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* in Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

==== directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxomnomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinationg with other use cses: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

* for more - see the notes above

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# methodology aspects - COMETS
# extending existing metadata - JP Wind
# providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T06:40:05Z

Lucynac: /* JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]].

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database,
# checking the databases proposed already, adding new, if needed,
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works.

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4,
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE.

From both categories, the most suitable databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion:
# COMETS,
# EUR-Lex,
# IEA Policy database,
# JRC.

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects.

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/].

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database.
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases).
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback.

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages.
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents.
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy.
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures.
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples).

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate.
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related.
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* the worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* if metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Danmark,
* based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000
* within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database/.
* as it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* from COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* in Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

==== directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxomnomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinationg with other use cses: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

* for more - see the notes above

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# methodology aspects - COMETS
# extending existing metadata - JP Wind
# providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T06:39:05Z

Lucynac: /* OECD database */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]].

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database,
# checking the databases proposed already, adding new, if needed,
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works.

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4,
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE.

From both categories, the most suitable databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion:
# COMETS,
# EUR-Lex,
# IEA Policy database,
# JRC.

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects.

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/].

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database.
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases).
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback.

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages.
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents.
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy.
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures.
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples).

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated,
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* the worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* if metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Danmark,
* based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000
* within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database/.
* as it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* from COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* in Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

==== directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxomnomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinationg with other use cses: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

* for more - see the notes above

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# methodology aspects - COMETS
# extending existing metadata - JP Wind
# providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T06:38:45Z

Lucynac: /* EU MERCI */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]].

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database,
# checking the databases proposed already, adding new, if needed,
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works.

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4,
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE.

From both categories, the most suitable databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion:
# COMETS,
# EUR-Lex,
# IEA Policy database,
# JRC.

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects.

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/].

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database.
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases).
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback.

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages.
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents.
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy.
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures.
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples).

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution,
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated,
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* the worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* if metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Danmark,
* based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000
* within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database/.
* as it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* from COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* in Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

==== directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxomnomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinationg with other use cses: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

* for more - see the notes above

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# methodology aspects - COMETS
# extending existing metadata - JP Wind
# providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T06:38:20Z

Lucynac: /* EUR-Lex */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]].

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database,
# checking the databases proposed already, adding new, if needed,
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works.

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4,
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE.

From both categories, the most suitable databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion:
# COMETS,
# EUR-Lex,
# IEA Policy database,
# JRC.

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects.

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/].

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database.
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases).
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback.

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages.
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents.
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy.
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures,
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples)

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution,
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated,
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* the worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* if metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Danmark,
* based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000
* within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database/.
* as it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* from COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* in Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

==== directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxomnomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinationg with other use cses: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

* for more - see the notes above

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# methodology aspects - COMETS
# extending existing metadata - JP Wind
# providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T06:38:02Z

Lucynac: /* EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]].

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database,
# checking the databases proposed already, adding new, if needed,
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works.

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4,
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE.

From both categories, the most suitable databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion:
# COMETS,
# EUR-Lex,
# IEA Policy database,
# JRC.

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects.

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/].

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database.
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases).
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback.

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures,
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples)

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution,
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated,
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* the worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* if metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Danmark,
* based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000
* within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database/.
* as it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* from COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* in Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

==== directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxomnomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinationg with other use cses: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

* for more - see the notes above

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# methodology aspects - COMETS
# extending existing metadata - JP Wind
# providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T06:37:45Z

Lucynac: /* IEA Policy database */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]].

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database,
# checking the databases proposed already, adding new, if needed,
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works.

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4,
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE.

From both categories, the most suitable databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion:
# COMETS,
# EUR-Lex,
# IEA Policy database,
# JRC.

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects.

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/].

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database.
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases)
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures,
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples)

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution,
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated,
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* the worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* if metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Danmark,
* based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000
* within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database/.
* as it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* from COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* in Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

==== directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxomnomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinationg with other use cses: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

* for more - see the notes above

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# methodology aspects - COMETS
# extending existing metadata - JP Wind
# providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T06:36:34Z

Lucynac: /* Notes from the morning session */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]].

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database,
# checking the databases proposed already, adding new, if needed,
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works.

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4,
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE.

From both categories, the most suitable databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion:
# COMETS,
# EUR-Lex,
# IEA Policy database,
# JRC.

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects.

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/].

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database,
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases)
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures,
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples)

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution,
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated,
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* the worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* if metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Danmark,
* based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000
* within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database/.
* as it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* from COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* in Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

==== directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxomnomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinationg with other use cses: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

* for more - see the notes above

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# methodology aspects - COMETS
# extending existing metadata - JP Wind
# providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T06:36:08Z

Lucynac: /* Notes from the morning session */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]].

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database,
# checking the databases proposed already, adding new, if needed,
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works.

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4,
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE.

From both categories, the most suitable databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion
# COMETS,
# EUR-Lex,
# IEA Policy database,
# JRC.

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects.

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/].

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database,
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases)
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures,
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples)

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution,
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated,
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* the worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered.
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* if metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Danmark,
* based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000
* within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database/.
* as it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* from COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* in Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

==== directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxomnomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinationg with other use cses: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

* for more - see the notes above

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# methodology aspects - COMETS
# extending existing metadata - JP Wind
# providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T06:28:55Z

Lucynac: /* Interactive elements */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]].

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database
# checking the datbases proposed already, adding new, if needed.
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

From both categories, the most suitbale databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion
# COMETS
# EUR-Lex
# IEA Policy database
# JRC

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/]

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database,
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases)
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures,
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples)

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution,
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated,
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* the worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* if metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Danmark,
* based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000
* within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database/.
* as it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* from COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* in Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

==== directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxomnomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinationg with other use cses: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

* for more - see the notes above

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# methodology aspects - COMETS
# extending existing metadata - JP Wind
# providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T06:26:00Z

Lucynac: /* Suggested next steps */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]]

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database
# checking the datbases proposed already, adding new, if needed.
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

From both categories, the most suitbale databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion
# COMETS
# EUR-Lex
# IEA Policy database
# JRC

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/]

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database,
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases)
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures,
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples)

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution,
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated,
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* the worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* if metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Danmark,
* based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000
* within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database/.
* as it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* from COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* in Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

==== directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxomnomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinationg with other use cses: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

* for more - see the notes above

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# methodology aspects - COMETS
# extending existing metadata - JP Wind
# providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T06:16:40Z

Lucynac: /* Notes from the morning session */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]]

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable people to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database
# checking the datbases proposed already, adding new, if needed.
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

From both categories, the most suitbale databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion
# COMETS
# EUR-Lex
# IEA Policy database
# JRC

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/]

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database,
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases)
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures,
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples)

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution,
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated,
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* the worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* if metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Danmark,
* based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000
* within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database/.
* as it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* from COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* in Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

==== directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxomnomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinationg with other use cses: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

* for more - see the notes above

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# methodology aspects - COMETS
# extending existing metadata - wind database
# providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T06:09:24Z

Lucynac: /* Suggested next steps */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]]

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable peaople to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database
# checking the datbases proposed already, adding new, if needed.
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

From both categories, the most suitbale databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion
# COMETS
# EUR-Lex
# IEA Policy database
# JRC

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/]

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database,
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases)
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures,
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples)

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution,
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated,
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* the worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* if metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Danmark,
* based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000
* within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database/.
* as it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* from COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* in Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

==== directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxomnomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinationg with other use cses: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

* for more - see the notes above

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# methodology aspects - COMETS
# extending existing metadata - wind database
# providing recommendations for machine accessability - IEA Policy database

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-04T06:07:08Z

Lucynac: /* Suggested next steps */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]]

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC4#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable peaople to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database
# checking the datbases proposed already, adding new, if needed.
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

From both categories, the most suitbale databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion
# COMETS
# EUR-Lex
# IEA Policy database
# JRC

The evaluation with the use of a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on chosen databases during afternoon session. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chosen by metadata aspects

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/]

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database,
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases)
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures,
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples)

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution,
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated,
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* the worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database may be cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

=== Assessment of metadata for databases ===
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== IEA Policy database ====

* preliminary assessment of level of implementation of FAIR/O principles: F4 - yes; A1 - yes, A2 - yes (only depends on EU policy); I1 - yes; I2 - fulfilled, I3 - fulfilled; R1.1 - yes; R1.2 - no; R1.3 - not fulfilled, not even the DC standards.
* Metadate seems to be spread.
* Discussion on understanding of 100% fulfillement, on the example: In ideal database all country names would be linked to official registry --> you could go for all information. It would be 100% FAIR. Are any bases like that? Example on country information, which should be easily available automatically, for example ISO code for the country. IEA policy database is not fully like that.
* difficulties even in defining "policy" = everything (every official document) which is published in official governmental page.
* testing on the example of Poland and National Energy Efficency Action Plan for Poland: link to the official governmental page, not the direct link to the official document or to the official country law. When information about the date of update - should be also a linked to the local page (to ensure that the is a possibility to check at the source, if the policy has been already updated.
* if metadata doesn't provide the possibility of reachning the sources (if the documents are there, but you don't have an opportunity to get to the official, legal document).

==== COMETS ====
* information on collective actions initiatives for the energy transition for all EU countries.
* 3700 initiatives in selected European countries - Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Danmark,
* based on the internet desk research, business registers, national electricity production statistics, individual websites etc.
* energy production units / electriciity facilitiation units - including more than 6000
* within the project in six countries (DE, ES, BE, PL, EE, NL) they are conducting survey about the development and values (export, import). The data from it will be also included into the database/.
* as it's still under development - FAIRness is 0% for now.
* from COMETS project perspective, an important step for FAIRification is to facilitate by categorization, what and how specific activities are currently being implemented in different countries, categorization of them, taxonomy.

==== General conclusions ====

* discussion on Wilkinson FAIR priniciples --> if there are any databases which are 100% in accordance to these principles. 100% is an utopia. We only can make a hierarchy, which databases are matching these criteria better, or worse.
* in Mons system - it's more clear that you have to achieve specific level, to be able to go further.

* two possible approaches: (1) start of absolute lowest datasets and try to FAIRify those, and later on move "up". (2) on the other hand FAIRification of database which are more complex is leading us to results / conlcussions available also for less complicated databases.

* importance of formats of data. It is important that the format of the data to be entered in specific entry is strictly defined (example - the date: need of clear definitions - what's to include: year, month, day specific?) Similarly - with longitude, latitute. If it's not done in advance, later on it takes much work to manually change it and put into right format. On the other hand - potentially - making a very specific description - may exclude some data, which are available but in different standards - for ecxample between EU and American standards.
* every entry has its provenence, with information how the entry hhas been changed, when, etc. Basically all entries should have their own metadata.

* two dimensions of policies:
1) policy domain (topic of the policy)
2) policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

==== directions in building taxonomy ====
* Example to be watched: EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
* UC4 taxomnomy needs to match to higher level = overall level of the projects. To make sure, that the complete taxonomy is

Proposed logical aspects / steps:
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinationg with other use cses: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
==== Databases selected (names and short reasoning)====
# IEA Policy database
# COMETS
# JRC database hub
# EUR-Lex

==== Main insights from discussions ====

* Two categories of databases:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

* Two dimensions of policies:
# policy domain (topic of the policy)
# policy perspective / the level of goverment (for whom it's developed = local regional, national, international level, etc)

* for more - see the notes above

==== Suggested next steps ====

* Developing low-level metadata concepts (descriptive, structural, administrative metadata) and the identification of gaps & needs for their implementation.

* Integration of existing standards, development of new approaches and vocabularies & taxonomies (e.g., considering ways to find data and research results through keywords, keywords used by peer-reviewed journals and mental metadata models of domain experts).

* Proposed logical aspects / steps of building taxonomy
# starting on agreement of keywords + the glossry, to ensure common understanding.
# taking into consideration two dimensions of policies: (1) policy domain and (2) policy level of goverment
# coordinating with other use cases: UC4 is affecting other use cases, so our keywords should not only match, but sometimes should be even taken from other use cases.

* Conclusions for WP2:
# methodology aspects - COMETS
# extending existing metadata - wind database
# providing recommendations for machine accessability - EIA Policy database

==== Other issues ====

WS1UC4

2020-06-03T11:08:56Z

Lucynac: /* Notes from the morning session */

This page provides space for notes from workshop discussions of use case 4 during Day 2 of WS1.

== Interactive elements ==
The discussions can also benefit from considering the EERAdata storyboard and/or slido comments. See [[WS1#Interactive_elements]]

== Notes from the morning session ==
The morning session is dedicated to database discussions with the aim to select 3-5 databases from below's list of databases for further examination. The [[UC3#List_of_selected_databases|first table of the WIKI page]] is filled out by noon.

* The workshop has started with the short introduction round to enable peaople to know something about each other, especially of the specific institutions day-to-day approach to data use.
* Later on the base for further works was presented:
# screeening the databases --> names, short descriptions, rationale for preliminary choosing the database
# checking the datbases proposed already, adding new, if needed.
# discussion and evaluation of databases - to choose the most suitable one for further works

Segmenting databases into 2 categories:
# policy relevant databases, eg. COMETS, EU Merci, PETA4
# policy databases, eg. IEA Policy database, EUR-Lex, OECD, RES-Legal, MURE

From both categories, the most suitbale databases may be chosen. This will enable us to have a full spectrum - how energy policies may use both types of databases.

Chosen databases - after morning discussion
# COMETS
# EUR-Lex
# IEA Policy database
# JRC

The evaluation using a tool developed by Mark Wilkinson will be carried out on EUR-Lex, IEA and JRC during afternoon sesion. In this time will be also assesing databases has already chose by metadata aspects

=== Draft list of databases ===
The databases that had been identified as containing data in relation to low carbon energy and energy efficiency policy:

#[https://www.copernicus.eu/en Copernicus]
#[https://datacite.org DataCite]
#[https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/res/show.html?what=eco-data ECO data set]
#[https://energydata.info/ EnergyData]
#[https://www.resourceefficient.eu/en#explore-content EREK]
#[http://www.eumerci-portal.eu/web/guest/home EU Merci]
#[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en EUR-Lex]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/eu-bso_en?redir=1 European Buildings Stock Observatory]
#[https://www.iea.org/policies IEA Policies database]
#[https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Energy-Transition/REmap-Energy-Demand-and-Supply-by-Sector IRENA, REmap]
#[http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ IRENA, Resource]
#[https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ JRC-database hub]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/jrc-idees-integrated-database-european-energy-sector-methodological-note JRC-IDEES: Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector: Metodological note]
#[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/monitoring-ri-low-carbon-energy-technologies JRC: Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies
#[https://magic-nexus.eu/metadata-repository MAGIC]
#[https://data.nrel.gov/ NREL data]
#[https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/odin/index.jsp ODIN: Online Data & Information Network for Energy]
#[https://data.oecd.org/ OECD data]
#[https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/home/home.do OEIL]
#[https://openei.org/wiki/Main_Page OPENEI]
#[https://heatroadmap.eu/peta4/ PETA4]
#[https://www.proquest.com/ PROQuest]
#[https://www.reeep.org/reegleinfo REEEP]
#[https://www.re3data.org/ Re3data.org]
#[http://www.res-legal.eu/home/ RES LEGAL]
#[https://setis.ec.europa.eu/publications/setis-research-innovation-data SETIS research and innovation data]
#[https://zenodo.org/ ZENODO]
#[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/837722 H2020 project COMETS] - EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the low carbon energy transition
#[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf] - EU taxonomy for green innovation companies
#MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie)database [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu/]

=== Discussion on the choice of databases: ===
* From GIG, apart from IEA Policy database, there will be also a proposition of EUR-Lex, DataCite, EU Merci, OECD, and probably also JRC-database.
* @ IUE and ENEA: each of you please suggest 2 other databases and prepare for them a description and an explanation - why we should choose them for further evaluation. Material please put in the Wiki.
* @ all: for databases that you suggested please complete the questionnaire from AIT in OO ([https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/Products/Files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5413183] and put answers into the folder in OO [https://energydata.onlyoffice.eu/products/projects/tmdocs.aspx?prjID=236894#1976709] until Friday 29.05.

==== COMETS database: EU-wide inventory of collective action initiatives in the energy transition ====
''Description of database:''
The inventory is a multi-country database of collective action initiatives (e.g., energy cooperatives, eco-villages, community energy projects, and other citizen-led energy projects). For each initiative, the country, the date of foundation/cancellation, the evolution of members and renewable energy units, installation capacities, fields of engagement, legal form, website, address, source, etc. is collected. The entries are sourced from a variety of national, regional, and European registers and websites.

''Rationale for choosing this database'':
*The database is of policy relevance. Its data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across Europe.
*We own the database and therefore have it easier to exercise FAIRification and opening activities.
*The database is being created in a parallel running European project and we would not like that the database ends in the graveyard of dead EU project databases.
*We aim at opening the database to the low carbon research community within the next two years.
*We are interested to explore the options for opening while ensuring that our work in building the database is appropriately acknowledged. This is relevant for later EERAdata discussion. Here, we already started discussing with e3s and tJP of EERAdata.
*We can use synergies with another parallel EU project and have the possibility to assign rich metadata to every single entry, by also using the expertise of researchers from the COMETS project.
*The database itself has a relatively simple structure, however, the inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data. This is a particular challenge for UC4.
*Sources of the COMETS database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps us to investigate the relevance of languages for FAIRification and opening activities. This is also a particular challenge for UC4.
*We aim at uploading this database as an example for EERAdata to EOSC. We hope to create a best practice example for a FAIR and open database. Currently, it is F - non-existing, A - non-existing., I - partly as one can, e.g., go to the currently published papers to access the original sources. But it is not machine-actionable. R - no, because it is currently not open.

''Reference:'' Wierling, A.; Schwanitz, V.J.; Zeiß, J.P.; Bout, C.; Candelise, C.; Gilcrease, W.; Gregg, J.S. [https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/9/3339 Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries]. Sustainability.

==== IEA Policy database ====
''Description of the database:''
A worldwide database of past, future and planned policies and measures thematically related to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and support the development and deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies. It contains data from IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database, along with information on CCUS and methane abatement policies. Data are collected from governments, partner organizations and IEA analysis since 1999.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* A popular, recognized, and world-wide database hosted by a reputable institution.
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the IEA Policy database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: IEA/IRENA Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the IEA Energy Efficiency Database, the Addressing Climate Change database, and the Building Energy Efficiency Policies (BEEP) database,
* Cross-use case relevance, as it contains policies and measures also for buildings efficiency (UC1) and for power transmission and distribution networks (UC2).

==== EU Taxonomy for green innovation companies ====
''Description of the database:''
The EU Taxonomy is a tool to help investors, companies, issuers, and project promoters navigate the transition to a low-carbon, resilient and resource-efficient economy. The Taxonomy sets performance thresholds (referred to as ‘technical screening criteria’) for economic activities which: • make a substantive contribution to one of six environmental objectives (Figure 1); • do no significant harm (DNSH) to the other five, where relevant; • meet minimum safeguards (e.g., OECD Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights). The performance thresholds will help companies, project promoters and issuers access green financing to improve their environmental performance, as well as helping to identify which activities are already environmentally friendly. In doing so, it will help to grow low-carbon sectors and decarbonise high-carbon ones. The EU Taxonomy is one of the most significant developments in sustainable finance and will have wide-ranging implications for investors and issuers working in the EU, and beyond.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is low-hanging fruit because taxonomy is already in place.
* We could use this taxonomy to see how it aligns with our other assessments (and with other use cases)
* The taxonomy will be enacted in a year from now, so we can provide timely feedback

''Reference:'' [[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/business_economy_euro/banking_and_finance/documents/200309-sustainable-finance-teg-final-report-taxonomy_en.pdf]]

==== EUR-Lex ====
''Description of the database:''
EUR-Lex is online database that provides the official and most comprehensive access to EU Law and legal documents such as treaties, legal acts from EU institutions, preparatory documents related to EU legislation, EU case-law, international agreements, EFTA documents, references to national case-law related to EU law. EUR-Lex has access to all editions of the Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) since the first of December 1952.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is available in all of the EU’s 24 official languages
* It is updated daily, which confirms the validity of the documents
* Each document in EUR-Lex is supported by detailed information such as: relations with other legal documents, case-law interpretations, dates of adoption or entry into force etc.
* It is the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to policy
* Most documents in EUR-Lex, regardless of their language, receive a unique identifier - CELEX number, so all documents have a designed structure and each type of document corresponds to a so-called “a descriptor”.

==== EU MERCI ====
''Description of the database:''
The database contains data on the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the manufacturing industry. For nearly 3000 companies from 4 European countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom), the following information has been collected: size of the company, year of implementation of the measure, type of support received (white certificates), statistical classification of economic activities, according to NACE, applied processes and ways to save energy and total final energy savings achieved by the implemented measures.
The database contains data also on low-carbon policies, examples of business action to reduce emissions, etc.
The database includes data for the 2005-2017 period. Besides the database, also a library, sector reports and static analyses of different countries were made available.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* The database contains good practices that can be used by other actors willing to implement energy efficiency measures,
* Disadvantages of the database: It includes data from the 2005-2017 period, with no updates (no newer examples)

==== OECD database ====
''Description of the database:''
OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In each of these areas the database contains, inter alia, data on legal issues. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.

''Rationale for choosing this database:''
* It is a popular, well recognised worldwide database, maintained by a reputable institution,
* Since we are not able to analyze all the databases that we would like to - the selection of the OECD database would indirectly allow us to take into account several other, selected databases because it contains data from: the IEA database - International Energy Agency (https://www.iea.org/) and Nuclear Energy Agency (http://www.oecd-nea.org/).

==== ISTAT energy data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
I.Stat is the warehouse of statistics currently produced by the Italian National Institute of Statistics.Statistics are searchable by theme. The system is also consultable by keyword. Data are presented in multidimensional tables which users can export in xls, csv formats. Acting on variables, reference periods and the arrangement of heads and sides, moreover, it is possible to obtain custom tables.
Through a web service that allows direct machine-to-machine questioning, organizations, as well as private citizens, can form specific query data, download results. The service is accessible at the following address: https://www.istat.it/it/metodi-e-strumenti/web-service-sdmx

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s a complete overview of energy consumption in Italy in all sectors of the society.

==== SETIS Innovation and Research data ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The level of investment in R&I in terms of both private (expenditure by businesses and industry) and public (Member States' national programmes and instruments), and trends in patents, for the Integrated SET Plan Actions.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
The Integrated SET Plan needs to be underpinned by an effective monitoring and reporting scheme that supports the development and implementation of the European R&I Agenda. SETIS plays a central role in the successful implementation of the Integrated SET Plan 10 key actions. In particular, the enhanced SETIS follows the objectives below:
* To monitor R&I activities, investments and technology progress in Europe;
* To contribute to the identification of gaps in the implementation of the actions;
* To report on the overall progress towards the common goals set out in the integrated SET-Plan;
* To contribute to assessing the impact of the SET-Plan on European competitiveness;
* To make recommendations for actions that could further increase the effectiveness of the European R&I Strategy.

==== ENERGISE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
The Database is an output of the H2020 Energise Project. The project aims at testing household and community-level initiatives to reduce energy consumption through energy cultures. An output of the project forms the database that contains data on 1067 energy initiatives from 30 European countries.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The database contains recent information on a considerable number of (1067) initiatives pertaining to household and community-level energy policies. Thus, its representativeness is for European countries is high.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.

==== MURE Online Database ====
'' Description of the database: ''
MURE (Mesures d'Utilisation Rationnelle de l'Energie) is a comprehensive database that lists energy efficiency policies and measures regarding the Member States of the European Union. It allows for the analysis of policies based on topics, policy interaction, policy scoring, impact evaluation, as well as successful policies. The information is accessible by query in the database. The contributors are French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European Energy Network, and the H2020 program of the European Union.

Relates to the Odyssee database on energy-efficiency indicators and energy consumption.

Reference: [http://www.measures-odyssee-mure.eu Odyssee-MURE project]

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* A comprehensive database including energy efficiency policies and measures in the European Union member states.
* Since the focus of the EERAdata project is mainly concerning the European Union countries, this database is a good fit in terms of scope.
* The database hosts information that would be gathered from national sources of each country, hence may be considered as a repository for national databases.
* The database pertains to both Uses Case 4 on Energy Policies and Use Case 1 on Buildings Efficiency.

==== JRC-database hub: Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue ====
'' Description of database: ''
The JRC Science Hub aims to gradually integrate and aggregate all of the European Commission's science related activities, tools, laboratories, facilities, databases and networks. The inventory is wide range of the compilation of databases development of software and modelling tools. Published on the basis of open data principles with clear descriptions for each entry. The tools and databases are categorised by name and acronym, but can be filtered by research area, keyword and JRC institute responsible for the coordination of the particular entry. It contains, inter alia, databases related to energy and transport and climate
'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* It’s the open and highly recognizable European Union’s database directly related to different related aspects also energy policy related
* It’s data interpretation is highly dependent on changes in the legal and policy frameworks across European Union.
* The database enhances the transparency and openness of the JRC and further enables the open access policy of scientific research data.
* The information and links provided in the metadata are maintained in distributed and heterogeneous information systems. Although the datasets are maintain and links and information are updated,
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages, all brought together in an English database. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains policies and measures also for other use cases.

==== DataCite - an international not-for-profit organization aiming to improve data citation ====
'' Description of database: ''
The main aim of DataCite is to provide the means to create, find, cite, connect, and use research. The primary service provided by DataCite is the registration of DOI tags. In addition, DataCite is constantly developing additional services related to DOI and related metadata, as following:
* DataCite Search (https://search.datacite.org/) - allows to search the database of DOI metadata registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Profiles (https://profiles.datacite.org/) - allows for automatic data transfer between the DataCite and ORCID systems, facilitating the update of personal profiles of researchers in ORCID with information about objects for which DOIs have been registered in DataCite.
* DataCite Statistics (https://stats.datacite.org/) - a service presenting statistical data on the number of registered DOI, their metadata records and the use of this information.
* DataCite OAI-PMH Provider (https://oai.datacite.org/) - an access interface to metadata collected in DataCite using the OAI-PMH protocol.
In addition, DataCite is involved in international projects and initiatives related to sharing and quoting research data, such as:
* the worldwide Registry of Research Data Repositories - Re3Data (https://www.re3data.org/).
* The Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) = a collaboration between scholarly publishers, researchers, and other interested parties to promote the unrestricted availability of scholarly citation data and to make these data available.

'' Rationale for choosing this database: ''
* The inventory contains heterogeneous and dynamic data. Thus, it helps us to investigate how to approach FAIRification for such data.
* DataCite provides an integrated search interface, where it is possible to search and filter a relevant metadata gathered
* Sources of the database are coming in a variety of European languages. Thus, it helps to investigate the relevance for FAIRification and opening activities.
* The database is cross-use case relevant, as it contains DOIs and citations relevant also for other use cases.
* it's not a database in the literal sense of the word, but rather an 'access facilitator' to data.

== Notes from the afternoon session ==
The afternoon session is dedicated to discussing metadata for the selected databases. The aim of the afternoon session is to fill out [[UC3#Metadata_assessments|table 2 of the wiki page for the use case]] and to decide what to report back from the use case to the plenary session the next day (again, see the WIKI template for a suggested structure). Thus, at the end of the day, the WIKI page for the use case is complete.

* Bulleted list item

== What to report back to the plenary on Day 3? ==
* Databases selected (names and short reasoning)
* Main insights from discussions
* Suggested next steps
* Other issues

UC4

2020-06-01T10:55:03Z

Lucynac: /* List of selected databases */

== Low carbon energy and energy efficiency policies ==
=== General description of use case ===
The motivation for this use case is the significant role of policies, laws, and regulations in catalyzing the transformation of the energy system towards greenhouse gas and energy efficiency. They provide the ground for accelerating research and innovation, incentivizing behavioral changes, and safeguarding the necessary transformation processes. Through their texts and specifications, policies, laws, and regulations are not only defining the space for the application of energy technologies and low carbon energy materials, but they also provide the framework for market activities in general. An example is the enabling of new actors to appear on the energy market (e.g. prosumers, community energy, and energy cooperatives). Currently, a new role for data on low carbon energy and energy efficiency policies is emerging. The need to provide documentation on compliance with regulations is starkly increasing in complexity as integrated monitoring and assessment across fields and economic sectors are increasing. This not only refers to international compliance requirements (e.g. National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Intended Nationally Determined Contributions, Progress Reports for Sustainable Development Goals), but also to the level of companies whose produces have to adhere to given standards and documentation has to be provided for the entire supply chain (c.f. Ly et al. 2015 on a review of business process compliance approaches). Machine-actionability of relevant policy databases from local to global scale is therefore key for automated tracking, compilation, and inter-comparison with peers. Here, new business opportunities are arising. Overall, the state about the application of FAIR principles is still in its infancy. Openness is by nature less of an issue for this use case, but a specific challenge originates from mixed data formats, which include texts as well as number formats. Examples of databases from which EERAdata starts the use case activities include the IEA policy & measures databases, SETIS research, and innovation data, ResLegal, JRC in-house methodology for Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies, InnovationDB or activities, and tools developed in H2020 project ODYSSEE-MURE

== List of selected databases ==
During the first workshop (see notes from Day 2), the following databases were selected to analyze and improve their compliance with FAIR and Open data principles:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Name of database !! Short description !! Reasoning of choice !! Current state of FAIR/O principles !! Target of FAIR/O to achieve within EERAdata
|-
| [[Link to database 1|Database 1]]
|| Write a short description, e.g., "Database 1 is about XXX, containing XXX data, covering the period xxx."
|| Summarize shortly the main reasons, why this DB was chosen. Link to the discussion page of [[WS1UC4]].
|| What is the current FAIR/O state for this database. Summarize here. In case more space is needed, link to a section of the discussion page of [[WS1UC4]].
|| What FAIR/O target was decided?

|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|}

== Metadata assessments ==
Databases above were assessed with respect to their current meta practices. The table below summarizes the current state and issues identified during WS 1:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Name of database !! Type of metadata provided !! Extend of metadata provided !! Level of implementation of FAIR/O principles !! Frameworks for metadata used !! Technical implementation of metadata
|-
| [[Link to database 1|Database 1]] || Which types of metadata are covered? Administrative, descriptive, structural, provenance of data, etc.? || Summarize: Is it rich or basic metadata provided for each of the types? || Check the Wilkinson criteria for metadata and summarize here. In case more space is needed, link to a section of [[WS1UC4]]. || What framework is used, e.g., controlled vocabulary, taxonomy, thesaurus, ontology? || How are metadata implemented? As xml, plain text, RDF, etc.
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|}

UC4

2020-06-01T10:54:01Z

Lucynac: /* List of selected databases */

== Low carbon energy and energy efficiency policies ==
=== General description of use case ===
The motivation for this use case is the significant role of policies, laws, and regulations in catalyzing the transformation of the energy system towards greenhouse gas and energy efficiency. They provide the ground for accelerating research and innovation, incentivizing behavioral changes, and safeguarding the necessary transformation processes. Through their texts and specifications, policies, laws, and regulations are not only defining the space for the application of energy technologies and low carbon energy materials, but they also provide the framework for market activities in general. An example is the enabling of new actors to appear on the energy market (e.g. prosumers, community energy, and energy cooperatives). Currently, a new role for data on low carbon energy and energy efficiency policies is emerging. The need to provide documentation on compliance with regulations is starkly increasing in complexity as integrated monitoring and assessment across fields and economic sectors are increasing. This not only refers to international compliance requirements (e.g. National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Intended Nationally Determined Contributions, Progress Reports for Sustainable Development Goals), but also to the level of companies whose produces have to adhere to given standards and documentation has to be provided for the entire supply chain (c.f. Ly et al. 2015 on a review of business process compliance approaches). Machine-actionability of relevant policy databases from local to global scale is therefore key for automated tracking, compilation, and inter-comparison with peers. Here, new business opportunities are arising. Overall, the state about the application of FAIR principles is still in its infancy. Openness is by nature less of an issue for this use case, but a specific challenge originates from mixed data formats, which include texts as well as number formats. Examples of databases from which EERAdata starts the use case activities include the IEA policy & measures databases, SETIS research, and innovation data, ResLegal, JRC in-house methodology for Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies, InnovationDB or activities, and tools developed in H2020 project ODYSSEE-MURE

== List of selected databases ==
During the first workshop (see notes from Day 2), the following databases were selected to analyze and improve their compliance with FAIR and Open data principles:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Name of database !! Short description !! Reasoning of choice !! Current state of FAIR/O principles !! Target of FAIR/O to achieve within EERAdata
|-
| [[Link to database 1|Database 1]]
|| Write a short description, e.g., "Database 1 is about XXX, containing XXX data, covering the period xxx."
|| Summarize shortly the main reasons, why this DB was chosen. Link to the discussion page of [[WS1UC4]].
|| What is the current FAIR/O state for this database. Summarize here. In case more space is needed, link to a section of the discussion page of [[WS1UC4]].
|| What FAIR/O target was decided?
|-
| OECD || OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960. || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|}

== Metadata assessments ==
Databases above were assessed with respect to their current meta practices. The table below summarizes the current state and issues identified during WS 1:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Name of database !! Type of metadata provided !! Extend of metadata provided !! Level of implementation of FAIR/O principles !! Frameworks for metadata used !! Technical implementation of metadata
|-
| [[Link to database 1|Database 1]] || Which types of metadata are covered? Administrative, descriptive, structural, provenance of data, etc.? || Summarize: Is it rich or basic metadata provided for each of the types? || Check the Wilkinson criteria for metadata and summarize here. In case more space is needed, link to a section of [[WS1UC4]]. || What framework is used, e.g., controlled vocabulary, taxonomy, thesaurus, ontology? || How are metadata implemented? As xml, plain text, RDF, etc.
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|}

UC4

2020-06-01T10:51:34Z

Lucynac: /* List of selected databases */

== Low carbon energy and energy efficiency policies ==
=== General description of use case ===
The motivation for this use case is the significant role of policies, laws, and regulations in catalyzing the transformation of the energy system towards greenhouse gas and energy efficiency. They provide the ground for accelerating research and innovation, incentivizing behavioral changes, and safeguarding the necessary transformation processes. Through their texts and specifications, policies, laws, and regulations are not only defining the space for the application of energy technologies and low carbon energy materials, but they also provide the framework for market activities in general. An example is the enabling of new actors to appear on the energy market (e.g. prosumers, community energy, and energy cooperatives). Currently, a new role for data on low carbon energy and energy efficiency policies is emerging. The need to provide documentation on compliance with regulations is starkly increasing in complexity as integrated monitoring and assessment across fields and economic sectors are increasing. This not only refers to international compliance requirements (e.g. National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Intended Nationally Determined Contributions, Progress Reports for Sustainable Development Goals), but also to the level of companies whose produces have to adhere to given standards and documentation has to be provided for the entire supply chain (c.f. Ly et al. 2015 on a review of business process compliance approaches). Machine-actionability of relevant policy databases from local to global scale is therefore key for automated tracking, compilation, and inter-comparison with peers. Here, new business opportunities are arising. Overall, the state about the application of FAIR principles is still in its infancy. Openness is by nature less of an issue for this use case, but a specific challenge originates from mixed data formats, which include texts as well as number formats. Examples of databases from which EERAdata starts the use case activities include the IEA policy & measures databases, SETIS research, and innovation data, ResLegal, JRC in-house methodology for Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies, InnovationDB or activities, and tools developed in H2020 project ODYSSEE-MURE

== List of selected databases ==
During the first workshop (see notes from Day 2), the following databases were selected to analyze and improve their compliance with FAIR and Open data principles:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Name of database !! Short description !! Reasoning of choice !! Current state of FAIR/O principles !! Target of FAIR/O to achieve within EERAdata
|-
| [[Link to database 1|Database 1]]
|| Write a short description, e.g., "Database 1 is about XXX, containing XXX data, covering the period xxx."
|| Summarize shortly the main reasons, why this DB was chosen. Link to the discussion page of [[WS1UC4]].
|| What is the current FAIR/O state for this database. Summarize here. In case more space is needed, link to a section of the discussion page of [[WS1UC4]].
|| What FAIR/O target was decided?
|-
| OECD || OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960.
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|}

== Metadata assessments ==
Databases above were assessed with respect to their current meta practices. The table below summarizes the current state and issues identified during WS 1:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Name of database !! Type of metadata provided !! Extend of metadata provided !! Level of implementation of FAIR/O principles !! Frameworks for metadata used !! Technical implementation of metadata
|-
| [[Link to database 1|Database 1]] || Which types of metadata are covered? Administrative, descriptive, structural, provenance of data, etc.? || Summarize: Is it rich or basic metadata provided for each of the types? || Check the Wilkinson criteria for metadata and summarize here. In case more space is needed, link to a section of [[WS1UC4]]. || What framework is used, e.g., controlled vocabulary, taxonomy, thesaurus, ontology? || How are metadata implemented? As xml, plain text, RDF, etc.
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|}

UC4

2020-06-01T10:49:09Z

Lucynac: /* List of selected databases */

== Low carbon energy and energy efficiency policies ==
=== General description of use case ===
The motivation for this use case is the significant role of policies, laws, and regulations in catalyzing the transformation of the energy system towards greenhouse gas and energy efficiency. They provide the ground for accelerating research and innovation, incentivizing behavioral changes, and safeguarding the necessary transformation processes. Through their texts and specifications, policies, laws, and regulations are not only defining the space for the application of energy technologies and low carbon energy materials, but they also provide the framework for market activities in general. An example is the enabling of new actors to appear on the energy market (e.g. prosumers, community energy, and energy cooperatives). Currently, a new role for data on low carbon energy and energy efficiency policies is emerging. The need to provide documentation on compliance with regulations is starkly increasing in complexity as integrated monitoring and assessment across fields and economic sectors are increasing. This not only refers to international compliance requirements (e.g. National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Intended Nationally Determined Contributions, Progress Reports for Sustainable Development Goals), but also to the level of companies whose produces have to adhere to given standards and documentation has to be provided for the entire supply chain (c.f. Ly et al. 2015 on a review of business process compliance approaches). Machine-actionability of relevant policy databases from local to global scale is therefore key for automated tracking, compilation, and inter-comparison with peers. Here, new business opportunities are arising. Overall, the state about the application of FAIR principles is still in its infancy. Openness is by nature less of an issue for this use case, but a specific challenge originates from mixed data formats, which include texts as well as number formats. Examples of databases from which EERAdata starts the use case activities include the IEA policy & measures databases, SETIS research, and innovation data, ResLegal, JRC in-house methodology for Monitoring R&I in Low-Carbon Energy Technologies, InnovationDB or activities, and tools developed in H2020 project ODYSSEE-MURE

== List of selected databases ==
During the first workshop (see notes from Day 2), the following databases were selected to analyze and improve their compliance with FAIR and Open data principles:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Name of database !! Short description !! Reasoning of choice !! Current state of FAIR/O principles !! Target of FAIR/O to achieve within EERAdata
|-
| [[Link to database 1|Database 1]]
|| Write a short description, e.g., "Database 1 is about XXX, containing XXX data, covering the period xxx."
|| Summarize shortly the main reasons, why this DB was chosen. Link to the discussion page of [[WS1UC4]].
|| What is the current FAIR/O state for this database. Summarize here. In case more space is needed, link to a section of the discussion page of [[WS1UC4]].
|| What FAIR/O target was decided?
|-
| OECD database makes available data related to agriculture, development, economy, education, energy, environment, finance, government, health, innovation and technology, jobs and society. In the area of energy, data can be assigned thematically to: primary energy supply, crude oil production, electricity generation, renewable energy, nuclear power plants, crude oil import prices.
The data comes from over 130 countries around the world. The database allows sharing data in the form of indicators, maps and tables. The data is collected and made available since 1960. || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|}

== Metadata assessments ==
Databases above were assessed with respect to their current meta practices. The table below summarizes the current state and issues identified during WS 1:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Name of database !! Type of metadata provided !! Extend of metadata provided !! Level of implementation of FAIR/O principles !! Frameworks for metadata used !! Technical implementation of metadata
|-
| [[Link to database 1|Database 1]] || Which types of metadata are covered? Administrative, descriptive, structural, provenance of data, etc.? || Summarize: Is it rich or basic metadata provided for each of the types? || Check the Wilkinson criteria for metadata and summarize here. In case more space is needed, link to a section of [[WS1UC4]]. || What framework is used, e.g., controlled vocabulary, taxonomy, thesaurus, ontology? || How are metadata implemented? As xml, plain text, RDF, etc.
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example || Example || Example || Example
|}

WS1

2020-06-01T10:39:53Z

Lucynac: /* Welcome and Introduction */

The first workshop of EERAdata is organized as an online webinar and hackathon from June, 2-4, 2020.

== Objective ==
* Learn about FAIR and open data practices in the energy and other research communities;
* Choose selected databases to be investigated in use cases. Discuss and summarize the reasons for selection.
* Analyze the state of FAIR/O principles for the selected database (with the help of the questionnaire and FAIR/O assessment tools).
* Evaluate the state of FAIR/O principles for the metadata of selected databases.
* Suggest general principles for the design of metadata (use-case- and domain-specific),
* Discuss top-level metadata adhering to FAIR/O principles (use-case- and domain-specific),
* Learn about the FAIRification of Data Management Plans (DMP).

== Read aheads ==

'''Obligatory:'''
* M. D. Wilkinson et al., “The FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship,” Scientific Data, vol. 3, p. 160018, Mar. 2016. https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2016.18
* B. Mons et al., “Cloudy, increasingly FAIR; revisiting the FAIR Data guiding principles for the European Open Science Cloud,” Information Services & Use, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 49–56, Jan. 2017. https://doi.org/10.3233/ISU-170824
* EOSC HLEG (2018). Final report and recommendations of the Commission 2nd High Level Expert Group on the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC). Prompting an EOSC in practice. Available online: https://publications.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/5253a1af-ee10-11e8-b690-01aa75ed71a1 (accessed: 18.07.2019).

'''Suggested read on the history of metadata:'''
Metadata - Shaping Knowledge from Antiquity to the Semantic Web by Richard Gartner, https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783319408910

== Join and collaborate interactively! ==
The workshop is a hackathon! EERAdata is evolving jointly only! Join the discussions and work together online:
* [[Main_Page#Getting_started_with_EERAdata_wiki|EERAdata WIKI]]
* [[WS1#EERAdata_story_board|EERAdata storyboard]]
* [https://github.com/valeria6856/EERAdata EERAdata@github]
* [https://www.researchgate.net/project/Towards-a-FAIR-and-open-data-ecosystem-in-the-low-carbon-energy-research-community EERAdata@ResearchGate]

=== EERAdata story board ===
'''Objective:''' collect views from participants regarding energy data, energy metadata, FAIR/O problems etc. to support discussions, identification of gaps & needs (WP2) and elements to design the platform (WP3).

'''Questions:'''
* Q#1: What is your user story regarding FAIR/O energy data?
* Q#2: What is your user story regarding metadata?

Template to answer: As a <stakeholder>, I want <goal> so that <reason>.

'''How to post a story?'''
# Click on the link: https://padlet.com/janaschwanitz/aciywzt9fs1h70m2
# Click on plus at the right bottom to add a story.
# Choose as title depending on the question one wants to answer. Choose for Q#1: FAIR/O data, or for Q#2: metadata. In the example above, the title “metadata” was chosen.
# Type your sentence to let us know where the gaps and hopes are: The template is: As a <stakeholder>, I want <goal> so that <reason>.

'''Example:''' As a data-driven energy researcher, I want utopia - i.e. one-stop access to all relevant metadata -, so that I can browse available data, check where they are from and whether I can trust them when reusing.

'''How to comment a story?'''
* One can rate stories by clicking on a number of stars.
* One can comment stories as well as comments with words.
* It is anonymous commenting and adding of stories, as long as one does not login into one's personal profile at padlet.com.

=== EERAdata wiki - How to? ===
The easiest way is you simply start writing and editing. You can '''install an easy editor''' by doing what is described in the picture to the right.
[[File:Install easy editor.png|thumb|How to install an easy editor]]

Consult the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents User's Guide] for information on using the wiki software.
* [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Configuration_settings Configuration settings list]
* [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki FAQ]
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/mediawiki-announce MediaWiki release mailing list]
* [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Localisation#Translation_resources Localise MediaWiki for your language]
* [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Combating_spam Learn how to combat spam on your wiki]

=== EERAdata on github ===
Link here and share your thoughts and issues! Note, work in progress.
* [https://github.com/valeria6856/EERAdata EERAdata@github]

=== EERAdata @ Research Gate ===
Link here and share your thoughts and issues! Note, work in progress.
* [https://www.researchgate.net/project/Towards-a-FAIR-and-open-data-ecosystem-in-the-low-carbon-energy-research-community EERAdata@ResearchGate]

=== Just have fun! ===
==== Metadata memory game ====
This is a little memory game where players need to identify triples. They will learn about metadata. A triple describes an example of metadata used in low carbon energy. Different formats, file types, and descriptions are introduced.
[http://eeradata.webfactional.com/memory/memory_3plus.html '''Link''']

== Agenda Day 1 ==
Builds on read aheads. Online talks and discussions. Space for interaction with participants after each presentation. Moderated discussion of collected comments.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Time slot !! Topic
|-
| 10.00-10.20 || '''Welcome and introduction''' with workshop goals and procedures: “EERAdata - Towards Utopia for low carbon energy research”, Valeria Jana Schwanitz, HVL & PI EERAdata.
|-
| 10.20-12.15 || '''Online lectures''':
* “The EOSC Nordic: machine-actionable FAIR maturity evaluations & the FAIRification of data repositories” - Andreas Jaunsen, Nordforsk & EOSC-Nordic. Link: [http://eeradata.webfactional.com/WS1/EOSC-Nordic_FAIR_data_presentation_2_June_2020.pdf]
* “OpenAIRE: Open Access Infrastructure for Research in Europe”, Ilaria Fava, OpenAIRE. Link: [http://eeradata.webfactional.com/WS1/20200602_OpenAIRE-EERAdata.pdf]
A short break of 15 min -
* “Community-driven metadata and ontologies for Materials Science and their key role in artificial-intelligence tools”, Luca Ghiringhelli, FHI Berlin.
* “Metadata practices from IRP Wind”, Anna Maria Sempreviva, DTU. (The presentation title will be updated).
|-
| 12.15-13.00 || ''Lunch Break''. Play the EERAdata game “Utopia and metadata”. Or any time.
|-
| 13.00-14.00 || '''Online lectures''':
* “Humanities and data: for a community-driven path towards FAIRness”, Elena Giglia, UNITO.
* “RISIS - An e-Infrastructure for the STI-Policy research community”, Thomas Scherngell, AIT. Link: [http://eeradata.webfactional.com/WS1/RISIS2_eera_data.pdf]
|-
| 14.00-14.30 || ''Break'' - Game “Utopia and metadata”. Or any time.
|-
| 14.30-16.00 || '''Discussion''' to compile a to-do list for work in use cases on the second day. Serves as a guiding and aligning process. Lead by WP2, August Wierling/Valeria, HVL.
|}

=== Notes from Day 1 ===
==== Welcome and Introduction ====
* Bulleted list item

==== The EOSC Nordic: machine-actionable FAIR maturity evaluations & the FAIRification of data repositories ====
* Bulleted list item
==== OpenAIRE: Open Access Infrastructure for Research in Europe ====
* Bulleted list item
==== Community-driven metadata and ontologies for Materials Science and their key role in artificial-intelligence tools ====
* Bulleted list item
==== Metadata practices from IRP Wind ====
* Bulleted list item
==== Humanities and data: for a community-driven path towards FAIRness ====
* Bulleted list item
==== RISIS - An e-Infrastructure for the STI-Policy research community ====
* Bulleted list item
==== Discussion/ to-do list for work in use cases ====
* Bulleted list item

== Agenda Day 2 ==
METADATA - DISCUSSIONS in use cases, parallel sessions. Work in use cases on databases and metadata, led by use case leaders. Suggested outline:

* '''10-12 Discuss and update preliminary state of FAIR/O for the use case.''' Use the prepared draft of databases to check compliance with FAIR principles (tools: WP3 questionnaire and others). Compare the assessment results for each database. Observe and discuss agreements and differences across the evaluation tools. Generate the overall picture for FAIR/O compliance for the use case to pin down the state of art. Let’s see if we come to the same result as in our initial assessment for the application (traffic lights). Continuously make notes to report later on results. Select a responsible person. Objective: select 3-5 databases per use case. Discuss which databases to select. One to cover use-case specific challenges; and one with cross-use case relevance, and one a low hanging fruit for which it would be relatively easy to improve the current FAIR/O status.
* 13-15 Joint brainstorming to discuss FAIR/O state of the metadata for the selected use cases. Evaluate: What is the current description of metadata? How extensive are they? Is only administrative information provided? Or richer context description? What frameworks for metadata are used: taxonomy? thesaurus? ontology? How is the metadata information technically implemented: plain text file? xml? rdf? ... Identify use case specific issues with metadata - What are the gaps? What is perceived as a hard nut to crack? Pay special attention to the metadata of the databases and fill out the table provided WP2. Continuously make notes to report results the next day! Select a responsible person!
* 15-17 Joint recording of lessons learned. Create and/or update the WIKI for the use case with literature, gaps, best practices, FAIR/O discussion, metadata discussion, suggested next steps, .... Get your head around what to report next day! Plan for 20 min. See the links to WIKI page templates below (Notes from Day 2).

Note: This schedule is a suggestion. Adjust and organize breaks as needed.

=== Notes from Day 2 ===
* Use case 1 - Summary: [[UC1]], Detailed notes: [[WS1UC1]]
* Use case 2 - Summary: [[UC2]], Detailed notes: [[WS1UC2]]
* Use case 3 - Summary: [[UC3]], Detailed notes: [[WS1UC3]]
* Use case 4 - Summary: [[UC4]], Detailed notes: [[WS1UC4]]

== Agenda Day 3 ==
Reporting experience from use case applications. Prepare the next workshop on workflows and metadata. Introduction and discussion of data management plans.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Time slot !! Topic
|-
| 10-12.30 || '''Discussion''' lead by WP2. Report from use case experiences (by use case leaders). Wrap up.
|-
| 12.30-13.30 || ''Lunch break''
|-
| 13.30-15.00 || '''Data Management Plans'''
* Presentation “Introduction to DMP and best practices” by Trond Kvamme, NSD
* Presentation on machine-actionable DMPs by Tomasz Miksa, TU Vienna
* Discussion of EERAdata DMP draft (August, HVL)
* Short break of 15 min
|-
| 15.15-16.00 || '''Wrap up''' of workshop with feedback from invited experts.
|}

=== Notes from Day 3 ===
* Bulleted list item

WS1

2020-06-01T10:39:21Z

Lucynac: /* Welcome and Introduction */

The first workshop of EERAdata is organized as an online webinar and hackathon from June, 2-4, 2020.

== Objective ==
* Learn about FAIR and open data practices in the energy and other research communities;
* Choose selected databases to be investigated in use cases. Discuss and summarize the reasons for selection.
* Analyze the state of FAIR/O principles for the selected database (with the help of the questionnaire and FAIR/O assessment tools).
* Evaluate the state of FAIR/O principles for the metadata of selected databases.
* Suggest general principles for the design of metadata (use-case- and domain-specific),
* Discuss top-level metadata adhering to FAIR/O principles (use-case- and domain-specific),
* Learn about the FAIRification of Data Management Plans (DMP).

== Read aheads ==

'''Obligatory:'''
* M. D. Wilkinson et al., “The FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship,” Scientific Data, vol. 3, p. 160018, Mar. 2016. https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2016.18
* B. Mons et al., “Cloudy, increasingly FAIR; revisiting the FAIR Data guiding principles for the European Open Science Cloud,” Information Services & Use, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 49–56, Jan. 2017. https://doi.org/10.3233/ISU-170824
* EOSC HLEG (2018). Final report and recommendations of the Commission 2nd High Level Expert Group on the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC). Prompting an EOSC in practice. Available online: https://publications.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/5253a1af-ee10-11e8-b690-01aa75ed71a1 (accessed: 18.07.2019).

'''Suggested read on the history of metadata:'''
Metadata - Shaping Knowledge from Antiquity to the Semantic Web by Richard Gartner, https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783319408910

== Join and collaborate interactively! ==
The workshop is a hackathon! EERAdata is evolving jointly only! Join the discussions and work together online:
* [[Main_Page#Getting_started_with_EERAdata_wiki|EERAdata WIKI]]
* [[WS1#EERAdata_story_board|EERAdata storyboard]]
* [https://github.com/valeria6856/EERAdata EERAdata@github]
* [https://www.researchgate.net/project/Towards-a-FAIR-and-open-data-ecosystem-in-the-low-carbon-energy-research-community EERAdata@ResearchGate]

=== EERAdata story board ===
'''Objective:''' collect views from participants regarding energy data, energy metadata, FAIR/O problems etc. to support discussions, identification of gaps & needs (WP2) and elements to design the platform (WP3).

'''Questions:'''
* Q#1: What is your user story regarding FAIR/O energy data?
* Q#2: What is your user story regarding metadata?

Template to answer: As a <stakeholder>, I want <goal> so that <reason>.

'''How to post a story?'''
# Click on the link: https://padlet.com/janaschwanitz/aciywzt9fs1h70m2
# Click on plus at the right bottom to add a story.
# Choose as title depending on the question one wants to answer. Choose for Q#1: FAIR/O data, or for Q#2: metadata. In the example above, the title “metadata” was chosen.
# Type your sentence to let us know where the gaps and hopes are: The template is: As a <stakeholder>, I want <goal> so that <reason>.

'''Example:''' As a data-driven energy researcher, I want utopia - i.e. one-stop access to all relevant metadata -, so that I can browse available data, check where they are from and whether I can trust them when reusing.

'''How to comment a story?'''
* One can rate stories by clicking on a number of stars.
* One can comment stories as well as comments with words.
* It is anonymous commenting and adding of stories, as long as one does not login into one's personal profile at padlet.com.

=== EERAdata wiki - How to? ===
The easiest way is you simply start writing and editing. You can '''install an easy editor''' by doing what is described in the picture to the right.
[[File:Install easy editor.png|thumb|How to install an easy editor]]

Consult the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents User's Guide] for information on using the wiki software.
* [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Configuration_settings Configuration settings list]
* [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki FAQ]
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/mediawiki-announce MediaWiki release mailing list]
* [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Localisation#Translation_resources Localise MediaWiki for your language]
* [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Combating_spam Learn how to combat spam on your wiki]

=== EERAdata on github ===
Link here and share your thoughts and issues! Note, work in progress.
* [https://github.com/valeria6856/EERAdata EERAdata@github]

=== EERAdata @ Research Gate ===
Link here and share your thoughts and issues! Note, work in progress.
* [https://www.researchgate.net/project/Towards-a-FAIR-and-open-data-ecosystem-in-the-low-carbon-energy-research-community EERAdata@ResearchGate]

=== Just have fun! ===
==== Metadata memory game ====
This is a little memory game where players need to identify triples. They will learn about metadata. A triple describes an example of metadata used in low carbon energy. Different formats, file types, and descriptions are introduced.
[http://eeradata.webfactional.com/memory/memory_3plus.html '''Link''']

== Agenda Day 1 ==
Builds on read aheads. Online talks and discussions. Space for interaction with participants after each presentation. Moderated discussion of collected comments.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Time slot !! Topic
|-
| 10.00-10.20 || '''Welcome and introduction''' with workshop goals and procedures: “EERAdata - Towards Utopia for low carbon energy research”, Valeria Jana Schwanitz, HVL & PI EERAdata.
|-
| 10.20-12.15 || '''Online lectures''':
* “The EOSC Nordic: machine-actionable FAIR maturity evaluations & the FAIRification of data repositories” - Andreas Jaunsen, Nordforsk & EOSC-Nordic. Link: [http://eeradata.webfactional.com/WS1/EOSC-Nordic_FAIR_data_presentation_2_June_2020.pdf]
* “OpenAIRE: Open Access Infrastructure for Research in Europe”, Ilaria Fava, OpenAIRE. Link: [http://eeradata.webfactional.com/WS1/20200602_OpenAIRE-EERAdata.pdf]
A short break of 15 min -
* “Community-driven metadata and ontologies for Materials Science and their key role in artificial-intelligence tools”, Luca Ghiringhelli, FHI Berlin.
* “Metadata practices from IRP Wind”, Anna Maria Sempreviva, DTU. (The presentation title will be updated).
|-
| 12.15-13.00 || ''Lunch Break''. Play the EERAdata game “Utopia and metadata”. Or any time.
|-
| 13.00-14.00 || '''Online lectures''':
* “Humanities and data: for a community-driven path towards FAIRness”, Elena Giglia, UNITO.
* “RISIS - An e-Infrastructure for the STI-Policy research community”, Thomas Scherngell, AIT. Link: [http://eeradata.webfactional.com/WS1/RISIS2_eera_data.pdf]
|-
| 14.00-14.30 || ''Break'' - Game “Utopia and metadata”. Or any time.
|-
| 14.30-16.00 || '''Discussion''' to compile a to-do list for work in use cases on the second day. Serves as a guiding and aligning process. Lead by WP2, August Wierling/Valeria, HVL.
|}

=== Notes from Day 1 ===
==== Welcome and Introduction ====
* Bulleted list item
kkiriri

==== The EOSC Nordic: machine-actionable FAIR maturity evaluations & the FAIRification of data repositories ====
* Bulleted list item
==== OpenAIRE: Open Access Infrastructure for Research in Europe ====
* Bulleted list item
==== Community-driven metadata and ontologies for Materials Science and their key role in artificial-intelligence tools ====
* Bulleted list item
==== Metadata practices from IRP Wind ====
* Bulleted list item
==== Humanities and data: for a community-driven path towards FAIRness ====
* Bulleted list item
==== RISIS - An e-Infrastructure for the STI-Policy research community ====
* Bulleted list item
==== Discussion/ to-do list for work in use cases ====
* Bulleted list item

== Agenda Day 2 ==
METADATA - DISCUSSIONS in use cases, parallel sessions. Work in use cases on databases and metadata, led by use case leaders. Suggested outline:

* '''10-12 Discuss and update preliminary state of FAIR/O for the use case.''' Use the prepared draft of databases to check compliance with FAIR principles (tools: WP3 questionnaire and others). Compare the assessment results for each database. Observe and discuss agreements and differences across the evaluation tools. Generate the overall picture for FAIR/O compliance for the use case to pin down the state of art. Let’s see if we come to the same result as in our initial assessment for the application (traffic lights). Continuously make notes to report later on results. Select a responsible person. Objective: select 3-5 databases per use case. Discuss which databases to select. One to cover use-case specific challenges; and one with cross-use case relevance, and one a low hanging fruit for which it would be relatively easy to improve the current FAIR/O status.
* 13-15 Joint brainstorming to discuss FAIR/O state of the metadata for the selected use cases. Evaluate: What is the current description of metadata? How extensive are they? Is only administrative information provided? Or richer context description? What frameworks for metadata are used: taxonomy? thesaurus? ontology? How is the metadata information technically implemented: plain text file? xml? rdf? ... Identify use case specific issues with metadata - What are the gaps? What is perceived as a hard nut to crack? Pay special attention to the metadata of the databases and fill out the table provided WP2. Continuously make notes to report results the next day! Select a responsible person!
* 15-17 Joint recording of lessons learned. Create and/or update the WIKI for the use case with literature, gaps, best practices, FAIR/O discussion, metadata discussion, suggested next steps, .... Get your head around what to report next day! Plan for 20 min. See the links to WIKI page templates below (Notes from Day 2).

Note: This schedule is a suggestion. Adjust and organize breaks as needed.

=== Notes from Day 2 ===
* Use case 1 - Summary: [[UC1]], Detailed notes: [[WS1UC1]]
* Use case 2 - Summary: [[UC2]], Detailed notes: [[WS1UC2]]
* Use case 3 - Summary: [[UC3]], Detailed notes: [[WS1UC3]]
* Use case 4 - Summary: [[UC4]], Detailed notes: [[WS1UC4]]

== Agenda Day 3 ==
Reporting experience from use case applications. Prepare the next workshop on workflows and metadata. Introduction and discussion of data management plans.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Time slot !! Topic
|-
| 10-12.30 || '''Discussion''' lead by WP2. Report from use case experiences (by use case leaders). Wrap up.
|-
| 12.30-13.30 || ''Lunch break''
|-
| 13.30-15.00 || '''Data Management Plans'''
* Presentation “Introduction to DMP and best practices” by Trond Kvamme, NSD
* Presentation on machine-actionable DMPs by Tomasz Miksa, TU Vienna
* Discussion of EERAdata DMP draft (August, HVL)
* Short break of 15 min
|-
| 15.15-16.00 || '''Wrap up''' of workshop with feedback from invited experts.
|}

=== Notes from Day 3 ===
* Bulleted list item